Gender Inequality in Subjective Well-Being and Time Use from Tourism Perspective: Analysis with TOPSIS and MOORA Methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33831/jws.v26i1.527Keywords:
Tourism Sector, Gender, Time Use, Well-Being, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques.Abstract
Although the tourism sector offers significant opportunities for women's participation in the labor market, the mostly seaso-nal, low-paid and precarious nature of employment in the sector risks reinforcing gender inequalities. In tourism, women are often employed in labor-intensive jobs with flexible but demanding working conditions, which has significant effects on both time use and subjective well-being. This study aims to contribute to the literature by examining how inequalities in tourism employment affect individuals' time use practices, subjective well-being and worklife balance in a multidimensional framework. In this context, women's and men's time use, subjective assessment of well-being and gender-based employment differences are analyzed comparatively across OECD countries. Using TOPSIS and MOORA methods, countries were ranked according to the selected indicators and comparisons were made. The results of the analysis show that Latvia, Luxembourg, Estonia, Denmark findings suggest that these countries have a more gender-balanced structure in both employment structures and time use practices, which positively affects subjective well-being. The findings also show that while tourism employment offers opportunities for women, it also leads to various inequalities, which directly affect time management and subjective well-being, more clearly than in the last-ranked countries. By systematically and comprehensively revealing the potential of tourism to promote gender equality, as well as the limitations to realizing this potential through multi-criteria analysis, the study makes an original contribution to the existing body of literature.
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